Text generated by artificial intelligence, according to the Method.

Method

How independence and rigour are pursued

The mechanism, from the sources to the readerA chain of six steps, left to right: sources, research engine, ledger, site build, page and reader. Three returns feed into the chain: the agenda feeds the engine, the re-reading feeds the ledger, and the correction written by the reader goes back into the ledger. Each step shows the figures for this build.SOURCES19bodiesENGINE3 070rows crossedLEDGER3 195rows8to confirmBUILD370arithmetic re-evaluatedPAGE3 187rows in the sitemapREADERnot countedAGENDA5itemsRE-READING3 809on record05.10.2026verified onCORRECTIONS7published

Doorsbodiesrows crossedrowsto confirmarithmetic re-evaluatedrows in the sitemapitemson recordverified onpublished

A measurement reaches the reader only if it has a row, and the row says where it came from.

1

The sources

Official sources and recognised authorities only: statistical institutes, regulators, courts, ministries, municipal councils, universities and independent institutes of public interest, each identified by its type. Press and commercial aggregators are not sources.

Mechanism

Every ledger row names the body that produced the value and the document it is printed in. This rule is not enforced by a machine: it is enforced by being in plain sight, row by row, in the public ledger.

What this does not catch

Not every row has its provenance complete yet: one that does not carries the marker in the missing field, and the count beside says how many there are. No source is read with the identity of a browser. Portal BASE, which refused requests made in this project’s name, stopped being a source on 16.09.2026.

Proof

bodies cited: 19rows with the document kind declared: 2 820rows with provenance debt: 8

See the ledger →

2

The engine

The research runs in an engine separate from the site. That is where things are searched for, read, extracted, calculated and checked. Every figure leaves it with its origin: the body, the document, the page, the exact excerpt, the date it was read and, when it is calculated, the arithmetic and the figures it comes from.

Mechanism

The site cannot search and cannot calculate: it can only read the ledger. What crosses is checked on arrival against the cryptographic digest of each origin row, and a row edited on this side stops the build.

Proof

rows crossed from the engine with a record: 3 070rows recorded before any crossing existed: 125editions with a reading page built from the engine record: 17figures on the reading pages, each with an engine row: 5 844figures on the reading pages with a row in this ledger too: 473studies with an observatory reading: 5

See the studies →

3

The ledger

One row per measurement, with that origin. The ledger is public, row by row.

Mechanism

Every row has its own address and its own page, in both editions, and the index of them all is the ledger. The build fails if a row is left without a page: a seal pointing at nothing is a door that does not open.

Proof

rows published: 3 195with complete provenance: 3 187

See the ledger →

4

The build

The site is generated from the ledger. A figure written into a page with no row of its own stops the build; so does a value on the page that differs from the value in the row. Every excerpt is compared, character for character, with what the row holds.

Mechanism

Once built, a sweep reads every page and closes the build on any digit without a declared origin. Every legitimate origin is written on a closed list, and none of them is a waiver: each compares what the page renders with what it claims to be.

What this does not catch

The sweep sees text. A figure inside a script, a figure written out in words or a figure inside an attribute all pass. And a declared structural reason is trust in whoever writes the template: what is checked is that the reason is on the closed list, not that the figure is really structure.

Proof

rows calculated: 366arithmetic re-evaluated in this build: 370

The proof of this build →

5

The seal

Beside every measurement there is a seal that opens its row: filled when the origin is complete, dashed when a field is missing. A missing field is written [a verificar] (to verify) · a field not confirmed against the source, not a doubt about what is published; the row says what it lacks and stays out of search engines until it is complete. A value the source marks as provisional is said in words.

Mechanism

The build checks that every value has, beside it, the seal that opens its own row and not another. An incomplete row leaves the search index and the sitemap on its own, and returns on its own the day the field is filled in.

What this does not catch

The seal proves that the figure on the page is the figure in the row, and that the row says where it came from. It does not prove that the source says what the row holds: that is the re-reading, and it is the work of someone who did not write the row.

Proof

rows with a field to confirm: 8

What this marker means →

6

The re-reading

Published figures are read again at the source by a different route and by someone who did not write them, row by row, and each row says whether it has been yet, when and with what result. The European panel is re-checked against the source every week, and its page says when the last time was.

Mechanism

The date of the last re-check is written by the engine at each verification, and the panel page shows it. Once it is overdue, the page says so in words, instead of showing a date that looks fresh.

What this does not catch

The re-reading of a row is written into the row itself: the date, the path, the result and who did it. What does not yet exist is a re-reading of every row: the counts beside say how many have one, and how many read a different value.

Proof

independent re-readings on record: 3 809rows with a re-check written: 2 636re-readings that read a different value: 10panel re-checked on: 05.10.2026

7

The corrections

Public, dated and permanent, with the previous value in plain sight, in three kinds: correction (the value was wrong), update (the value was right and the world changed), provenance revision (the value did not change; the route to the source did).

Mechanism

Every entry is a field of the row itself, and the build checks date, kind, old value, new value and reason against the ledger: rewriting the history of a correction stops the build. Anyone who finds an error writes to correcoes@oestadodopais.pt, and the door to do it is on every page.

Proof

corrections: 7updates: 28provenance revisions: 72

The whole register →

8

What gets measured next

Building proposes what to measure, from declared criteria: what the frameworks the institutions use to assess Portugal flag as a problem, what the official sources will publish, what readers ask about or correct. Direction decides. The list of what is under way, what comes next and why is public, and nothing leaves it in silence.

Mechanism

The question of a study is fixed and stored in the engine before collection begins, and the agenda shows, item by item, the criterion that put it there, who proposed it, who decided it, and every change of state with its date and its reason. Where there is no criterion, or no decision by direction yet, the page says so.

Proof

under way: 4next: 0concluded: 1withdrawn: 0

The whole agenda →

9

Human intervention

It is directed by a model, which decides what gets published within the rules and the refusals on this page. No person writes figures or reviews each change before it goes out, and the model does not write figures either. Authorship by artificial intelligence is stated on the About page, and every page built carries the door to it. In the study documents, a sentence marked “(inference)” is the model’s reading of the sourced figures, and not a sourced finding in itself.

Mechanism

A figure does not enter through a person or through a template: it enters through a ledger row, and through nothing else. And the build counts the door to the About page on every page: a page without it stops the build.

Proof

authorship is stated on the About page, and the door to it is on every page in this build

About →

10

What the observatory does not do

It does not rank or classify parties and does not average by party: it records who decided what and what happened, with the name as the document gives it and the party label as a fact of record. Averages by party across territories with nothing in common are misleading arithmetic. It does not publish a figure without a ledger row; where the source is still to be confirmed, the row itself says so with the marker. It does not correct in silence. It takes no money from any entity it measures: it is privately funded, with no advertising and no money from institutions.

Mechanism

There is no ranking by party anywhere on this site. The credit for a value is a field of its row, checked character for character on that row page, like any other field. The sentences about funding and about advertising have no machine behind them: they are rules of this project, like the first one, and they hold by being written down here.

Proof

rows that say who the document attributes the value to: 2 560

See the ledger →

How artificial intelligence writes this site

Written, checked and updated by artificial intelligence systems, under published rules; no human reviews each change before it is published, and the rules and the refusals are on this page.

Everything this project publishes carries the label saying the text was generated by artificial intelligence, on every page, at the moment the page is seen. Review is done by automated checks and by sample, not piece by piece. The automated checks are the checks that run on every build of the pages and stop the build at the first difference.

The three roles

There are three roles, all held by models: direction, building and reading.

  • Direction decides what is done, commissions each change and reviews it before it is published, and writes the explanations and the texts about this project, which the other family of models reads before they are published; new figures from the sources enter through the automated checks, without direction reading them one by one.
  • Building makes the pages and the engine that reads the sources; every number it publishes carries its source and the date it was read, or says what is still to be confirmed.
  • Reading checks what building delivered, with no prior context and with errors planted on purpose, to prove it finds them, before it is published.

Building and reading are always done by different families of models: the model that built a change never reads it. The Claude models from Anthropic hold the direction; building and reading are held by the Claude models and by Codex from OpenAI. A new model takes a role only after passing the same tests the incumbent passed, and the replacement is written down with its date.

What is published by the automated checks alone

Published · A new value of the same measure, in the same format, from the same source, when it passes every automated check.

Not published, and direction decides · A new measure; a changed definition; a file the engine no longer recognises; a revision at the source; an automated check that fails; a source that has stopped answering.

The refusals
  • This project takes no money from any entity it measures.
  • This project does not write to gain more readers: it is measured by citations, not by visits.
  • This project publishes no figure it has not read at the source, does not estimate what does not exist, and says what is missing.
  • This project does not call artificial intelligence a journalist and does not call itself journalism.
  • This project keeps personal data only of those who use the suggestions box, for the time and the purpose that the Privacy page states, and never puts it in the repository.

The form

Colour

Colour appears only where the source publishes a reference value: amber when the value is outside it, cobalt when it is within. Everything else is ink and grey, and a correction is said by form, with the old value struck through and the new one beside it, never by a colour.

The corrections register →

The scale

The classes are round scale marks, not an official limit.

The type

This site's typefaces are Spectral, with its small-caps family Spectral SC, and Bitter, under an open licence (SIL Open Font License), hosted here and served by this site, with no third-party hosts.

What gets measured next

The domains of the content charter that do not have verified measures yet, in the order they enter.

  • Population first
  • Migration first
  • Social security and pensions first
  • Water first
  • Education first
  • Health first
  • Housing second
  • Investment second
  • Science, technology and artificial intelligence second
  • Space second
  • Infrastructure and rail second
  • Environment and sustainability second
  • Culture third
  • Security third
  • Justice third
  • Government and democracy third